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Collections in Cryptology - Soviet Machines
Key mechanisms in computation...

Russian Fialka
If you have any more information on these machines please contact me:
Nick Gessler gessler@ucla.edu

Russian Fialka ( = Violet ) 10-Rotor Device
The Fialka M-125 is Cold War-era Russian cipher machine in widespread use by the Warsaw Pact countries. An improvement on the WW2 German Enigma machine, the Fialka uses 10 rotors, each with 30 contacts along with mechanical pins to control stepping. Some of the rotors are adjustable. It also makes use of a punch card mechanism. The Fialka prints on paper tape, can also punch and read 5-level teletype tape and interface to other devices. "Fialka" means "violet" in Russian. The machine has been kept secret until this year (2005).

Wikipedia on Fialka Tom Perera's Fialka Intro
Paul Reuvers - Fialka Manual

Four types are known (with keyboard variations):
M-125-MN
M-125-3MN
M-125-3MP2
M-125-3MP3

Type M-125-3MP2 Polyalphabetic Machine (cover closed). Auxilliary data port on the right rear. Copyholder attached to cover at the top.

Type M-125-3MP2 Polyalphabetic Machine (cover closed). Punched card drawer open at the left. Teletype paper tape punch at the right front.

Type 3K BLACK Adjustable Rotor Set
(with predominantly RED lettering - rotor identifier in BLACK lettering).

Type 6K BLACK Adjustable Rotor Set
(with predominantly BLACK lettering - rotor identifier in RED lettering).
Type 6K BROWN Adjustable Rotors
(with predominantly RED lettering - rotor identifier in BLACK lettering).
Type 6K BROWN Adjustable Rotors
(with predominantly BLACK lettering - rotor identifier in RED lettering).
Type 3K BROWN Non-Adjustable Rotors
(with all RED lettering).
  
A Damaged Black Rotor Disassembled
XX
Fialka, single BLACK rotor, front, back and exploded. Note that the alphabet is printed on the SIDE of the disk.
The contacts on the black back side are spring-loaded wire loops.

The Adjustable Inner Disk
XX
Fialka, single BLACK rotor, inner disk containing the wiring, front, back and backlit view showing the wiring.
This inner disk can be inserted in 60 different ways: 30 rotational positions flipped two ways.